N10. Anti-bribery
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N10. Anti-bribery
Notes on Using this Policy
Employers are advised to tailor the policy to their own business and sector-specific requirements and seek specialist independent legal advice.
The Bribery Act 2010
The Bribery Act 2010 came into force on 1 July 2011. The Act was introduced to replace existing law and now also targets overseas corruption by organisations that have a connection with the UK. It applies to UK and international organisations and also UK individuals.
Offences under the Bribery Act
The Act sets out two general offences of bribing and being bribed, which are committed when someone:
- offers, promises or gives another person a bribe
- requests, agrees to receive or accepts a bribe.
A bribe is described as the provision of a financial or other advantage in connection with a person performing a function “improperly”.
These offences are not new but are restated more clearly than under previous law.
Failure of commercial organisations to prevent bribery
In s.7 of the Act, a new corporate offence has been introduced. An organisation will be liable if a person associated with it bribes another person intending to obtain or retain business, or an advantage in the conduct of business for {{org_field_name}}.
An associated person could be an employee, agent, contractor, subcontractor or supplier acting on behalf of {{org_field_name}}.
A commercial organisation will have a full defence if it can show that it had adequate procedures in place to prevent bribery. What will constitute an adequate procedure will depend on the nature of each individual organisation. Guidance issued by the Government sets out six principles that an employer must consider when preparing adequate procedures.
- Proportionate procedures: the procedures put in place by an organisation should be proportionate to the bribery risks it faces and to the nature, scale and complexity of its business activities.
- Top level commitment: top level management within {{org_field_name}} should be committed to preventing bribery by persons associated with it and personally adopt and promote a culture where bribery is unacceptable.
- Risk assessment: a risk assessment should be carried out to assess the nature and extent of an organisation’s exposure to potential external and internal risks of bribery on its behalf by persons associated with it. This assessment should be carried out on a regular basis and be well documented.
- Due diligence: due diligence procedures should be applied in respect of persons who perform or will perform services for or on behalf of {{org_field_name}} in order to mitigate identified bribery risks. This should be proportionate to {{org_field_name}} and a risk-based approach used.
- Communication (including training): all bribery prevention policies and procedures should be understood throughout {{org_field_name}}. Training should also be carried out especially if {{org_field_name}} is in a high-risk industry.
- Monitoring and review: {{org_field_name}} should monitor and review procedures on a regular basis and make any improvements where necessary.
What is apparent is that a “one size fits all” approach is unlikely to give an organisation a strong defence to any offence under the Act. Also, simply having a policy will not of itself be an adequate procedure: it must be properly implemented, communicated and enforced.
Penalties
The penalties for breaching the provisions of the Act are severe with convictions carrying unlimited fines for businesses; and up to 10 years’ imprisonment (currently seven years) and unlimited fines for individuals.
Policy Statement
The Bribery Act 2010 came into force on 1 July 2011. It creates various new offences, including an offence which can be committed by commercial organisations that fail to prevent persons associated with that organisation from committing bribery on their behalf. This applies regardless of whether the person works or commits the offence in the UK or any other country in which {{org_field_name}} operates. However, it is a full defence for an organisation if it can prove that despite the bribery occurring, it has adequate procedures in place to prevent those persons associated with it from committing bribery. {{org_field_name}}’s procedures must be proportionate to the bribery risks that it faces in relation to the nature, scale and complexity of {{org_field_name}}.
{{org_field_name}} and its directors are committed to the prevention of bribery by those employed and associated with it. {{org_field_name}} is committed to carrying out business fairly, honestly and openly, with zero-tolerance towards bribery.
This is achieved by:
- carrying out a risk assessment to ascertain the risk of bribery
- instigating procedures proportionate to that risk
- having good internal controls and record keeping
- securing the commitment of directors, managers and all staff to the prevention and detection of bribery
- developing a culture in which bribery is unacceptable
- undertaking due diligence procedures proportionate to the assessed risk of bribery
- effectively communicating the anti-bribery policy to all staff
- training all employees to recognise bribery so that they can avoid it and be alert to possible instances of bribery
- having clear procedures on what to do should bribery be suspected
- training all employees to recognise bribery so that they can avoid it and be alert to possible instances of bribery
- monitoring and reviewing the effectiveness of the bribery procedures and updating them as necessary to ensure that they remain effective.
Scope
This policy applies to all those employed by and associated with {{org_field_name}}.
Offering bribes
{{org_field_name}} expressly prohibits any person employed by or associated with it from offering, promising or giving any financial or other advantage to another person where it is intended that the advantage will bring about improper performance by another person of a relevant function or activity, or that the advantage will reward such improper performance.
{{org_field_name}} prohibits any person employed by or associated with it from offering, promising or giving any financial or other advantage to another person where it is believed that the acceptance of the advantage offered, promised or given in itself constitutes the improper performance of a relevant function or activity.
Accepting bribes
{{org_field_name}} expressly prohibits any person employed by or associated with it from requesting, agreeing to receive or receiving any financial or other advantage with the intention that a relevant function should be performed improperly as a result of the advantage or as a reward for performing the relevant function improperly.
The improper performance of a relevant function in anticipation of receiving financial or other advantage is also prohibited.
Bribing a public official
{{org_field_name}} expressly prohibits the bribing of a UK or foreign public official in order to obtain or retain business or an advantage in the conduct of business.
Relevant functions and activities
Relevant functions and activities are any function of a public nature, any activity connected with the business, any activity performed in the course of a person’s employment and activity performed by or on behalf of a body of persons where the person performing that function or activity is expected to perform it impartially, in good faith, or is in a position of trust by virtue of performing it.
Hospitality and business gifts
The Bribery Act 2010 does not seek to prohibit reasonable and proportionate hospitality, advertising, sponsorship and promotional or other similar business expenditure, as it is recognised that this constitutes an established and important part of doing business.
However, hospitality, promotional and similar business expenditure can be used as bribes.
{{org_field_name}} expressly prohibits the giving and receiving of hospitality/business gifts and similar where the intention in doing so is to receive or confer an advantage in return for giving or receiving the hospitality/business gift or similar.
The following procedures should be adopted in relation to hospitality and business gifts.
- All offers of business gifts should be referred to the anti-bribery officer and should only be accepted if clearance has been received from them.
- Business gifts should not be made without the permission of the anti-bribery officer.
- A record of all business gifts made and received and the reason for the gift should be retained.
- All hospitality must be proportionate and reasonable and in line with {{org_field_name}}’s hospitality policy. Guidance should be sought from the anti-bribery officer as to whether the planned hospitality is proportionate and reasonable.
- Records should be maintained of all hospitality provided and accepted, including cost and reason for providing or accepting the hospitality.
- Quid pro quo arrangements are expressly prohibited.
- Cash gifts are expressly prohibited.
- The provision or acceptance of entertainment of a sexual nature is expressly prohibited.
- Acceptable hospitality and entertaining may include modest meals with people with whom we do business (such as providing a modest lunch after a meeting) or the occasional provision of or attendance at sporting or cultural events, provided that the intention is to build business relationships rather than to receive or confer an advantage.
- The provision of small promotional gifts, such a diaries, pens or similar, will generally be regarded as acceptable.
- Staff reviewing expense claims should be alert to the provision of hospitality/business gifts that may be construed as a bribe.
- All concerns should be reported.
New business, change in business and contracts with external parties
Where you develop or seek to develop new avenues for business or new contracts, or where the nature of the business changes, you should inform your line manager of this in order that due diligence and a risk assessment of the circumstances can be undertaken.
Where a business relationship with an external party is sought or newly established, or the nature of the relationship is changed, appropriate due diligence must be exercised to ensure that there are no circumstances giving rise to a concern. That external party must also be made aware of this anti-bribery policy.
Facilitation payments
Facilitation payments are small bribes that are paid to speed up or facilitate government action. Although they are commonplace in some foreign countries, they are regarded as bribes and are illegal under the Bribery Act 2010.
{{org_field_name}} expressly prohibits facilitation payments of any sort.
Any member of staff placed under pressure to make a facilitation payment should refer the matter to the anti-bribery officer immediately.
Donations
{{org_field_name}} expressly prohibits the giving of donations to political parties.
Any charitable donation must be consistent with {{org_field_name}}’s policy on charitable giving and with the knowledge and consent of the anti-bribery officer.
{{org_field_name}} expressly prohibits the making of charitable donations where the purpose of the donation is to secure an advantage. All charitable donations must be made without expectation of reward.
Reporting concerns
All employees have a responsibility to prevent, detect and report all instances of bribery. Employees should therefore be alert to the possibility of bribery.
Anyone who has concerns regarding acts or potential acts of bribery should speak to their line manager in the first instance. If for any reason a person is not able to speak to their line manager, they should contact the anti-bribery officer.
All reports will be treated with the utmost confidentiality. However, concerns can be reported anonymously to the anti-bribery officer.
Further information about reporting concerns is available in {{org_field_name}}’s whistleblowing policy.
Training and communication
All employees will receive training on the anti-bribery policy to ensure that they understand both the policy and the procedures that they need to follow in order to comply with it.
A copy of the policy will be published on {{org_field_name}}’s website/included in the employee handbook [delete as appropriate].
All employees are expected to familiarise themselves with the anti-bribery policy and to sign a copy of the policy to confirm that they have read and understood it.
Changes to the policy and procedures will be communicated to employees in an appropriate manner.
Responsible officer
[Name of anti-bribery officer] is responsible for monitoring the anti-bribery policy and all questions and concerns should be referred to them.
Sanctions
{{org_field_name}} treats breaches of the anti-bribery policy with maximum seriousness and will investigate any potential breach in accordance with the disciplinary policy. The ultimate sanction for a breach of the policy will be summary dismissal for gross misconduct.
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Reviewed on: {{last_update_date}}